廣州某(mou)(mou)商務(wu)(wu)服務(wu)(wu)公司訴(su)陜西某(mou)(mou)電子(zi)工程公司、陜西某(mou)(mou)實業公司、陜西某(mou)(mou)投資(zi)公司等股權轉讓糾紛案-請(qing)求(qiu)權人對同一訴(su)訟請(qing)求(qiu)提出多個不同的支持其主張的法律規范的，人民(min)法院應如何審(shen)理
人民法院(yuan)案(an)例庫(ku) 入庫(ku)編號：2023-08-2-269-004
關鍵詞
民事/股(gu)權轉讓/請求權基礎/解除合同(tong)
基本案情
2018年(nian)1月16日，陜西(xi)(xi)某(mou)(mou)(mou)電(dian)子工程(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)信公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）（出讓方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、原(yuan)股(gu)(gu)東(dong)）、陜西(xi)(xi)某(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）（出讓方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、原(yuan)股(gu)(gu)東(dong)）、廣州某(mou)(mou)(mou)商務(wu)(wu)服務(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)興(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）（受讓方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)）、西(xi)(xi)安某(mou)(mou)(mou)房(fang)地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)開發(fa)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)禾集團公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）（丙方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)）、陜西(xi)(xi)某(mou)(mou)(mou)房(fang)地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)開發(fa)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)房(fang)產(chan)(chan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）（目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）、陜西(xi)(xi)某(mou)(mou)(mou)投(tou)資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)投(tou)資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）（擔(dan)保方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)）簽(qian)訂了(le)《股(gu)(gu)權(quan)收(shou)購協(xie)(xie)議(yi)(yi)》，約定(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)興(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)收(shou)購某(mou)(mou)(mou)信公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)持(chi)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)某(mou)(mou)(mou)房(fang)產(chan)(chan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)28.5％的(de)(de)(de)股(gu)(gu)權(quan)及某(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)持(chi)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)某(mou)(mou)(mou)房(fang)產(chan)(chan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)21.5％的(de)(de)(de)股(gu)(gu)權(quan)。《股(gu)(gu)權(quan)收(shou)購協(xie)(xie)議(yi)(yi)》第2.5.8條(tiao)“本(ben)(ben)(ben)次交易(yi)安排”約定(ding)，本(ben)(ben)(ben)協(xie)(xie)議(yi)(yi)簽(qian)署之日起一年(nian)內，原(yuan)股(gu)(gu)東(dong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)負責完成以(yi)下工作(zuo)：a.負責確(que)認經(jing)(jing)規(gui)劃(hua)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)后(hou)目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)土(tu)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)宗(zong)地(di)(di)面積。如目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)地(di)(di)塊的(de)(de)(de)宗(zong)地(di)(di)面積有(you)(you)(you)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)，原(yuan)股(gu)(gu)東(dong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)負責確(que)認相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)補償方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)案及操作(zuo)流程(cheng)、土(tu)地(di)(di)相(xiang)關(guan)證照(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)變更(geng)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)手續，調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)補償方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)案應(ying)(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)受讓方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)確(que)認，補償收(shou)入由目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)享(xiang)有(you)(you)(you)。b.負責確(que)認經(jing)(jing)規(gui)劃(hua)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)后(hou)目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)土(tu)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)用途，目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)土(tu)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)用途應(ying)(ying)(ying)為住宅(zhai)用地(di)(di)。c.負責確(que)認經(jing)(jing)規(gui)劃(hua)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)后(hou)目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)土(tu)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)劃(hua)設計條(tiao)件(jian)／要點；為完成上述工作(zuo)，受讓方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、丙方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)和(he)目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)原(yuan)股(gu)(gu)東(dong)辦理相(xiang)關(guan)土(tu)地(di)(di)、規(gui)劃(hua)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)手續過(guo)程(cheng)中，提供(gong)必要的(de)(de)(de)配合。第2.8.5條(tiao)約定(ding)，若原(yuan)股(gu)(gu)東(dong)未能在(zai)本(ben)(ben)(ben)協(xie)(xie)議(yi)(yi)簽(qian)署后(hou)一年(nian)內完成第2.5.8條(tiao)約定(ding)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)，則受讓方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)有(you)(you)(you)權(quan)解除本(ben)(ben)(ben)協(xie)(xie)議(yi)(yi)。
協議簽訂后，某(mou)興公(gong)司(si)支付了(le)第一期股(gu)權(quan)轉讓款(kuan)4217.4萬(wan)元(yuan)，某(mou)信公(gong)司(si)、某(mou)實業公(gong)司(si)完成了(le)股(gu)權(quan)變更及公(gong)司(si)交接義務。
2020年1月2日，某(mou)興(xing)公(gong)司(si)向某(mou)信(xin)公(gong)司(si)、某(mou)實(shi)業公(gong)司(si)郵寄了《關于解(jie)除(chu)＜股權收(shou)(shou)購(gou)協議＞事宜的(de)(de)通知函》，通知解(jie)除(chu)合(he)同(tong)。2020年1月9日，某(mou)信(xin)公(gong)司(si)、某(mou)實(shi)業公(gong)司(si)回函表示已經按照合(he)同(tong)約定履行完畢股權收(shou)(shou)購(gou)的(de)(de)全部義務，不(bu)存在未能(neng)按照協議第2.5款約定的(de)(de)情形，不(bu)同(tong)意解(jie)除(chu)合(he)同(tong)。
某(mou)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)基于合(he)同(tong)解(jie)除提起本案(an)訴訟，其主張合(he)同(tong)解(jie)除的(de)(de)理由(you)如下：（1）本案(an)符合(he)約(yue)定解(jie)除的(de)(de)條件(jian)；（2）即使不符合(he)約(yue)定解(jie)除的(de)(de)條件(jian)，也因合(he)同(tong)目的(de)(de)不能實(shi)現而(er)符合(he)法定解(jie)除的(de)(de)情形(xing)；（3）某(mou)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)在再審(shen)庭審(shen)中又主張本案(an)符合(he)情勢變更解(jie)除情形(xing)。某(mou)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)請求(qiu)：（1）轉讓方某(mou)信公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)、某(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)向其退還已付款并支付利息；（2）某(mou)信公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)、某(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)配(pei)合(he)其解(jie)除2811.6萬(wan)元共(gong)管賬戶的(de)(de)共(gong)管措施；（3）某(mou)信公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)、某(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)向其支付違約(yue)金；（4）某(mou)投資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)對上述給付承擔連帶擔保(bao)責(ze)任。
某信公(gong)司、某實業公(gong)司反訴請(qing)求(qiu)：判(pan)令某興公(gong)司繼續履行《股(gu)權收購(gou)協議》，配(pei)合其(qi)解除共(gong)管賬戶的(de)共(gong)管措施(shi)，支付剩余(yu)股(gu)權轉讓款及對應的(de)利(li)息(xi)。
陜西省西安市中級人民(min)(min)(min)法院于2020年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)9日(ri)作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)（2020）陜01民(min)(min)(min)初144號(hao)民(min)(min)(min)事(shi)判決：駁(bo)(bo)(bo)回某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)興(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的訴(su)訟請(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)；駁(bo)(bo)(bo)回某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的反(fan)訴(su)請(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)。宣判后(hou)，某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)興(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)提出(chu)上(shang)訴(su)。陜西省高(gao)(gao)級人民(min)(min)(min)法院于2021年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)25日(ri)作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)（2021）陜民(min)(min)(min)終(zhong)39號(hao)民(min)(min)(min)事(shi)判決：駁(bo)(bo)(bo)回上(shang)訴(su)，維持原(yuan)判。二審(shen)(shen)判決作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)后(hou)，某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)興(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)申請(qing)再審(shen)(shen)。最高(gao)(gao)人民(min)(min)(min)法院于2021年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)20日(ri)作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)（2021）最高(gao)(gao)法民(min)(min)(min)申7487號(hao)民(min)(min)(min)事(shi)裁定：提審(shen)(shen)本(ben)案。最高(gao)(gao)人民(min)(min)(min)法院于2022年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)30日(ri)作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)（2022）最高(gao)(gao)法民(min)(min)(min)再81號(hao)民(min)(min)(min)事(shi)判決：撤銷(xiao)一審(shen)(shen)、二審(shen)(shen)判決；解(jie)除案涉《股(gu)(gu)權收購協(xie)議》；某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)向某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)興(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)退(tui)還股(gu)(gu)權轉讓款4217.4萬(wan)元，某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)投資公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)對(dui)上(shang)述給付(fu)承擔連(lian)帶責任，其(qi)(qi)承擔責任后(hou)，有權向某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)追償；某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)配(pei)合(he)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)興(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)解(jie)除2811.6萬(wan)元共管(guan)賬戶的共管(guan)措施；某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)興(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)將其(qi)(qi)受讓的案涉28.5%、21.5%股(gu)(gu)權分別變(bian)更登(deng)記至(zhi)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)信(xin)(xin)(xin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)實(shi)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)名下；駁(bo)(bo)(bo)回其(qi)(qi)他(ta)本(ben)訴(su)及反(fan)訴(su)請(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)。
裁判理由
法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)生效裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)認為，某興(xing)公司依(yi)據不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)事由(you)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張(zhang)本(ben)案符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)情形(xing)(xing)，實質是(shi)就其(qi)(qi)(qi)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)提(ti)出(chu)了(le)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)認為，首(shou)先，案件中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)事實有可(ke)(ke)能(neng)產生多(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)競(jing)合(he)(he)時，法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)允(yun)許當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)選擇(ze)(ze)(ze)行(xing)使。當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)，也可(ke)(ke)能(neng)存在(zai)多(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)能(neng)支持(chi)(chi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)基于(yu)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張(zhang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)成(cheng)立(li)(li)，是(shi)對(dui)(dui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)所依(yi)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)和(he)事實理(li)由(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)闡(chan)述(shu)，是(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)，應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)允(yun)許其(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)提(ti)出(chu)多(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)基礎(chu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)次，法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)將當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)所主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)都(dou)納入(ru)審理(li)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)圍，不(bu)能(neng)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)僅選擇(ze)(ze)(ze)適(shi)用(yong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)或者放棄適(shi)用(yong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。在(zai)審理(li)時，應(ying)組(zu)織雙(shuang)方當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)對(dui)(dui)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)充分發表意見，根(gen)據雙(shuang)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)辯意見認定(ding)(ding)(ding)適(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。再(zai)次，依(yi)據不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)支持(chi)(chi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)，可(ke)(ke)能(neng)會產生不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)后果，因(yin)此(ci)，法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)尊(zun)重(zhong)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)對(dui)(dui)適(shi)用(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)順(shun)序(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze)(ze)(ze)。在(zai)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)未選擇(ze)(ze)(ze)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)用(yong)順(shun)序(xu)時，應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)按有利(li)于(yu)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)(ze)確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)適(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)順(shun)序(xu)。最(zui)后，法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)應(ying)依(yi)順(shun)序(xu)對(dui)(dui)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)所主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張(zhang)適(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)進行(xing)審理(li)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)不(bu)具備前(qian)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)適(shi)用(yong)條件時，應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)繼續(xu)審查(cha)是(shi)否具備后一(yi)順(shun)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)適(shi)用(yong)條件，當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)認定(ding)(ding)(ding)符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)一(yi)項法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)適(shi)用(yong)條件且請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)成(cheng)立(li)(li)時，即可(ke)(ke)作出(chu)裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)，對(dui)(dui)后位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)不(bu)再(zai)進行(xing)認定(ding)(ding)(ding)。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)也可(ke)(ke)以將支持(chi)(chi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時作為裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)理(li)由(you)，但裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)結(jie)果應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)一(yi)方當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)事人(ren)利(li)益最(zui)大(da)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。本(ben)案中(zhong)，應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)根(gen)據某興(xing)公司主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張(zhang)適(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)請(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，按有利(li)于(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張(zhang)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)一(yi)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)(ze)依(yi)次審查(cha)案涉合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)何種解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)情形(xing)(xing)，并作出(chu)裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)。在(zai)滿(man)足合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)約(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)條件時，應(ying)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)首(shou)先按照約(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)來認定(ding)(ding)(ding)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)；不(bu)符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)約(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，再(zai)考(kao)慮是(shi)否符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)(ding)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情形(xing)(xing)。在(zai)約(yue)(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)(ding)解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)都(dou)不(bu)成(cheng)立(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，再(zai)進一(yi)步審查(cha)是(shi)否符(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)情勢變更解(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情形(xing)(xing)。
二(er)審(shen)按照某興(xing)公司(si)的(de)(de)主張，對于本案是否符(fu)(fu)合(he)約(yue)定解(jie)除(chu)(chu)、法(fa)定解(jie)除(chu)(chu)、情(qing)勢(shi)變更解(jie)除(chu)(chu)，逐一進行了審(shen)理。二(er)審(shen)經審(shen)理認(ren)為，本案符(fu)(fu)合(he)情(qing)勢(shi)變更的(de)(de)情(qing)形，合(he)同目的(de)(de)已無法(fa)實現(xian)，某興(xing)公司(si)以情(qing)勢(shi)變更為由請求解(jie)除(chu)(chu)合(he)同，支持了某興(xing)公司(si)關于情(qing)勢(shi)變更解(jie)除(chu)(chu)合(he)同的(de)(de)主張。
裁判要旨
1.對解除(chu)合(he)同(tong)(tong)的訴訟請求(qiu)，合(he)同(tong)(tong)法(fa)上有多個(ge)(ge)(ge)合(he)同(tong)(tong)解除(chu)的法(fa)律規(gui)范(fan)(fan)，當事(shi)人(ren)一(yi)并(bing)主(zhu)張多個(ge)(ge)(ge)法(fa)律規(gui)范(fan)(fan)支(zhi)持其(qi)(qi)請求(qiu)的，人(ren)民法(fa)院應當允許，并(bing)納入審(shen)理范(fan)(fan)圍，不能要求(qiu)當事(shi)人(ren)僅(jin)選擇適用(yong)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)法(fa)律規(gui)范(fan)(fan)或(huo)者放棄(qi)適用(yong)其(qi)(qi)他法(fa)律規(gui)范(fan)(fan)。
2.依據不(bu)同(tong)的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)支持當(dang)(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)解除合同(tong)的(de)訴(su)訟請(qing)求(qiu)，如(ru)果會(hui)產生不(bu)同(tong)的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)后果，人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)院應當(dang)(dang)尊(zun)重(zhong)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)對(dui)適(shi)用(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)順(shun)(shun)序的(de)選擇。當(dang)(dang)不(bu)具備(bei)前位的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)適(shi)用(yong)條件(jian)時(shi)，人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)院應當(dang)(dang)繼續審查(cha)是否具備(bei)后一順(shun)(shun)位的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)適(shi)用(yong)條件(jian)，當(dang)(dang)認定(ding)符合一項法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)適(shi)用(yong)條件(jian)且請(qing)求(qiu)權成立時(shi)，即可作(zuo)出裁判，對(dui)后位的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)不(bu)再進行審理。當(dang)(dang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)未(wei)選擇法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)的(de)適(shi)用(yong)順(shun)(shun)序時(shi)，應當(dang)(dang)按有利于請(qing)求(qiu)權人(ren)的(de)原則確定(ding)適(shi)用(yong)的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)順(shun)(shun)序。
3.合(he)同履行過程中，國(guo)家(jia)政(zheng)策發生當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)訂立合(he)同時(shi)無法預見的重大調整，導(dao)致當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)對相關(guan)土地進(jin)行商業開發的合(he)同目的不(bu)能實現，當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)主張適用情勢變更解除合(he)同的，人(ren)民法院(yuan)應(ying)予支持(chi)。
關聯索引
《中華(hua)人民共和國民法(fa)(fa)典(dian)》第(di)562條(tiao)、第(di)563條(tiao)、第(di)533條(tiao)（本案適用(yong)的(de)是1999年(nian)10月1日施(shi)行的(de)《中華(hua)人民共和國合同(tong)法(fa)(fa)》第(di)93條(tiao)、第(di)94條(tiao)以及2009年(nian)5月13日施(shi)行的(de)《最高人民法(fa)(fa)院關于適用(yong)＜中華(hua)人民共和國合同(tong)法(fa)(fa)＞若干(gan)問題的(de)解釋（二(er)）》第(di)26條(tiao)）
一審：陜(shan)西(xi)省西(xi)安市中級(ji)人民法院（2020）陜(shan)01民初144號民事(shi)判決（2020年10月9日）
二審(shen)：陜西省高(gao)級人(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)（2021）陜民終39號(hao)民事判決（2021年5月25日）
再審：最(zui)高(gao)人民法院(yuan)（2022）最(zui)高(gao)法民再81號民事判決（2022年6月30日）
